Monthly Current Affairs – December 2025 (For UPSC, SSC, Banking, IBPS, RBI, Railways & Defence Exams)

📖 Introduction

December 2025 was a high-impact month for government exam aspirants, marked by banking sector reforms, defence exercises, AI initiatives, international agreements, and economic milestones.
The month is crucial from an exam perspective, especially for SBI Clerk/PO Mains, IBPS, SSC CGL, UPSC Prelims & State PSCs.
Multiple reports, indices, appointments, and defence exercises make this month highly scoring.

🇮🇳 National Affairs & Governance

• India achieved a record foodgrain production of 357 million tonnes (2025)
• PMO to be renamed “Seva Teerth”
• India inaugurated the 18th Global Forum on Transparency & Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
• Census of India 2027 approved with ₹11,718 crore outlay
• Delhi Metro Phase V (A) approved
• India’s first hydrogen-powered train completed
• Forest University to be set up in Gorakhpur, UP
• India’s first PPP medical colleges announced in MP
• GI tags granted to Ponduru Khadi & multiple TN products

📌 Exam Angle: Governance reforms, census, infrastructure & GI tags are frequent UPSC/SSC questions.

🏦 Banking, Finance & Economy

🔹 RBI & Banking Highlights

• RBI released National Strategy for Financial Inclusion (NSFI) 2025–30
• Risk-based deposit insurance premium approved
• RBI launched customer grievance clearance campaign (Jan 2026)
• RBI approved Razorpay as PA-CB, Groww as OBPP
• UPI transactions crossed 59.33 billion (Q3 2025)

🔹 Major Banking Developments

• Fino Payments Bank approved to convert into SFB
• SBI, HDFC, ICICI retained D-SIB status
• Banking Laws (Amendment) Act, 2025 enacted
• LIC launched Protection Plus & Bima Kavach
• PNB Luxura RuPay Credit Card launched

📌 Exam Angle: RBI regulations, digital payments, SFBs, D-SIBs = High-weight Banking GA topics.

🛡 Defence & Security

• India preparing to commission INS Aridhaman (SSBN)
• BrahMos combat launch by Indian Army Southern Command
• Operation Sagar Bandhu for Sri Lanka HADR
• India–Maldives EKUVERIN, India–Malaysia Harimau Shakti, Garuda Indo-French exercise
• INS Sindhughosh decommissioned after 40 years
• Akash-NG missile trials completed

📌 Exam Angle: Defence exercises, missile systems & naval assets are SSC & UPSC favourites.

🌍 International Relations

• India re-elected to UNESCO Executive Board (2025–29)
• India to chair International IDEA
• India–France DTAA revision
• India–Oman CEPA signed
• India to chair Kimberley Process (2026)
• Jakarta overtook Tokyo as world’s most populous city
• Word of the Year 2025: Rage Bait (OUP)

📌 Exam Angle: International organisations, treaties & rankings.

🧠 Science & Technology

• Vikram-I orbital launch vehicle unveiled
• India’s first indigenous MRI scanner developed
• PARAM Rudra supercomputer launched
• Hansa-3(NG) trainer aircraft launched
• India’s first AI social robot developed by NIT Rourkela
• ISRO Gaganyaan parachute tests completed

📌 Exam Angle: ISRO, AI, indigenous tech = high UPSC/SSC relevance.

🌱 Environment & Ecology

• Chhattisgarh’s Kopra Reservoir declared Ramsar Site
• 13 new bush frog species discovered
• Ban on new mining leases in Aravalli range
• Smooth-coated otter conservation initiative (TN)

🏅 Awards, Books & Honours

• Camikara – Rum Brand of the Year
• TIME Person of the Year 2025: Architects of Artificial Intelligence
• World Athletes of the Year: Armand Duplantis & Sydney McLaughlin
• Book: The One – Shikhar Dhawan

👔 Appointments & Resignations

📅 Important Days – December 2025 (Table)

🔑 Key Monthly Highlights

1. RBI policy dominance across December
2. Defence exercises peaked before year-end
3. India’s leadership in global AI & digital finance
4. Record infrastructure & economic milestones
5. High appointment activity in PSU & banking

📝 25 One-Liners for Quick Revision

1. India’s foodgrain output in 2025 – 357 MT
2. RBI NSFI period – 2025–2030
3. Word of the Year – Rage Bait
4. India’s first hydrogen train – 2025
5. Ramsar Site in Chhattisgarh – Kopra Reservoir
6. D-SIBs – SBI, HDFC, ICICI
7. GI tag – Ponduru Khadi
8. India’s first MRI scanner – VoxelGrids
9. RBI Ombudsman drive – Jan 2026
10. Census Year – 2027
11. RBI ED – Usha Janakiraman
12. IMF graded India’s stats – ‘C’
13. India chairing KP – 2026
14. ISS mission – Soyuz MS-28
15. INS Aridhaman – SSBN
16. India’s most populous city globally – Jakarta
17. Banking Laws Act – 2025
18. First SFB from PB – Fino
19. India’s AI hub – IIT Madras
20. PARAM Rudra – NSM
21. RBI penalty on J&K Bank – ₹99.3 lakh
22. SBI–BoI CoE – Strategic Partnership
23. GI Tag state – Andhra Pradesh
24. CPI Ramsar site – 1st in Chhattisgarh
25. RBI grievance drive – 2 months

❓ FAQs (Exam-Oriented)

Q1. Why is December 2025 important for Banking exams?
Because of RBI policies, SFB approvals, NSFI release & UPI updates.

Q2. Which defence exercise featured Maldives?
Exercise EKUVERIN

Q3. What is NSFI?
National Strategy for Financial Inclusion (2025–30)

Q4. India’s Word of the Year 2025?
Rage Bait

Q5. Which city became world’s most populous?
Jakarta

Q6. India’s new SSBN?
INS Aridhaman

Q7. Which GI tag was notable?
Ponduru Khadi

Q8. Which AI index ranked India 3rd?
Global AI Vibrancy Index

🔗 Useful Resources for Aspirants

• 📘 Monthly Current Affairs
  https://jobsme.in/category/monthly-current-affairs
• 📅 Weekly Current Affairs
  https://jobsme.in/category/weekly-current-affairs
• 🧠 Daily Current Affairs Quizzes
  https://jobsme.in/quizzes/daily-current-affairs
• 📚 Static GK
  https://jobsme.in/category/static-gk
• 💼 Govt Jobs
  https://jobsme.in/jobs